In this article, ION Pro explains that pipeline upgrades, maintenance, and emergency repairs are all critical aspects. It needs to be planned for and executed on a regular basis. These can lead to a loss in production due to shutdown procedures and has a significant financial impact. Any approach that allows for the minimization of these losses needs to be thoroughly evaluated and investigated.
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Subsea pipelines constitute integral components of all offshore oil and gas projects as they are considered the most economical, environment-friendly and safe means of petroleum transportation – multiphase fluids, crude, gas or petroleum products. Subsea pipelines (also called marine, submarine or offshore pipelines) transport multiphase flow (mix of oil, water, contaminants and gas) from subsea wells to the platform and after processing carries crude, condensate or gas from the offshore platform to the coast for onward distribution to refineries or consumption centers.
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Extruded-vs-Fabricated Fittings – Hot Tap and Line Stopping 1. Introduction Pipe Split-tees are inevitable components required for hot tapping or line-stopping operations. These are full-encirclement fittings with two broad areas of application as follows: This document discusses split-tees which are intended for onshore hot tapping or line stopping operations that involve welding of two halves of a split-tee. Their manufacturing processes are broadly classified as extrusion and fabrication. Split-tees manufactured via both processes are in use in the industry and are claimed to meet international and local regulatory requirements related to strength, durability and performance. This paper identifies in detail
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1. Introduction This article details the technical and safety requirements for executing a hot tap on hydrocarbon pipelines, piping or tanks. Hot tapping is a method of making a new connection to an existing pressured pipeline or vessel without interrupting or emptying that section of pipe or vessel. This means that a pipeline can continue to be in operation while maintenance or modifications are being executed. Another definition According to API RP 2201: Hot Tapping is a technique of attaching a mechanical or welded branch fitting to piping or equipment in service and creating an opening in that piping or
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1. Overview of the Article This article will explain the hot tapping and line stopping operation from its typical uses and associated activities to illustrating the risks and benefits related to each operation. Hot tapping and line stopping are executed in a variety of sectors, on various materials, as well as infrastructure (such as tanks or pipes) and environmental conditions both onshore as well as offshore. This article will focus on the use of hot tapping and line stopping onshore and on steel pipelines in the oil & gas sector. The onshore hot tapping application is most visible in the
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